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            阅读理解不认识单词怎么办?这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!

            2023-02-23浏览次数0



            做阅读理解,最怕遇到生词,不仅影响文章的理解,也会拖慢阅读速度,而在阅读理解当中,生词又是不可避免的,今天就为大家总结了几个巧猜词义的方法,大家一定要掌握哦~


            1类属法


            即通过类属来推测词义如:

            ■ Bananas,oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.

            说明:从句意我们知道pineapples 和coconuts 与bananas, oranges是同类事物,同属水果(准确地说是“菠萝”和“椰子”)。


            2推理法


            即根据文章的前后语境推出生词的词义如:

            ■Thatmuseum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in oneday.

            说明:既然一天之内看不完所有的展品,那么immense 的意思应该是“很大”了。


            ■Everyoneagreed that the woman in the photo was gorgeous. It was easy to see why she hadwon the beauty contest.

            说明:既然“她在选美比赛中获胜”,说明她“很美丽”(gorgeous)。


            3列举法


            即通过对文章所列举的事物来猜测生词的词义如:

            ■Childrenlike such creatures as dogs and monkeys.

            说明:像 dogs 和 monkeys 之类的“creatures”,显然creatures的意思应是“动物”。


            ■In yourspare time, you may look through any of these periodicals: Time Magazine, NewsWeek, or The New Worker.

            说明:periodical是生词,但根据其后所列举的例子,我们可以推测出它的意思可能是“期刊”或“杂志”。


            4构词法


            即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义。如:

            ■Overworkmay cause diseases.

            说明:前缀 over- 的意思是“过分的,过量的”,故 overwork的意思应为“工作过度”。


            ■Therewas a dissatisfied look in the manager’s eyes.

            说明:satisfied的意思是“满意的”,前缀 dis- 的意思是“不”,故dissatisfied 的意思应该是“不满意的”。


            5对比法


            即根据文章前后的对比关系确定生词的词义。如:

            ■He hadbeen getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated .

            说明:句中的 but 表明deteriorate 应该与get better 的意思相反,即“恶化”。


            ■In manycountries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth.

            说明:上文说两个经济上的极端,那么下文中penury 应与great wealth 相对,即表示“贫困”。


            ■Mrs.Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type.

            说明:while 表对比,意为“而”,所以loquacious 应是silent 的反义,即“多嘴的”。


            ■If youagree, draw a circle; and a cross if you dissent.

            说明:既然画圈表示同意,那么画叉便是“不同意”(dissent)。


            6同位法



            7释义法



            ■Thereare three kinds of snow. One kind is a fluffy snow that is somewhat dry andfeathery?

            说明:定语从句 that issomewhat dry and feathery(有点儿干、像羽毛似的)表明 fluffysnow 的意思可能是“鹅毛大雪”。


            8常识法








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